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Continuing Education — "The Action Level!®"

VOLUME 1(5), May 2004
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

Answer the questions below and click "Submit".

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CASE STUDIES:

A Screening-Level Assessment of the Health Risks of Chronic Smoke Exposure for Wildland Firefighters
Thomas F. Booze, Sharon J. Quiring, Timothy E. Reinhardt, and Roger D. Ottmar

1. The most sensitive toxicological endpoint for wildland firefighters'
    respirable particulate exposure is thought to be:

a. dust overloading of the lung.
b. cardiovascular effects resulting in an increased
          strain on the heart.
c. respiratory effects (e.g., decreased lung function,
          cough, increased phlegm).

2. Total potential cancer risks among wildland firefighters were
    estimated to exceed one in 1 million. The two chemicals
    responsible for the majority of the potential cancer risk are:

a. benzene and formaldehyde.
b. benzo(a)pyrene and benzo(b)fluoranthene.
c. acrolein and carbon monoxide.

Effects of Flange Size on Dividing Streamlines of Exterior Hoods in Cross Drafts
Rong Fung Huang, Gene Shin Liu, Yu-Kang Chen, Wen-Yu Yeh, Chun-Wann Chen, and Chih-Chieh Chen

3. If one is asked to design a local exhaust hood under the influence of
    a cross draft, they should calculate, in advance, the critical flange
    size in order to optimize the capture envelope. True or False?

True
False

4. If the cross draft to suction velocity ratio is estimated to be 0.15 and
    the hood diameter is designed to be 10cm, the optimal flange width
    for the hood will be 18.8 cm. True or False?

True
False

Current Man-Made Mineral Fibers (MMF) Exposures Among Ontario Construction Workers
Dave K. Verma, Dru Sahai, Lawrence A. Kurtz, and Murray M. Finkelstein

5. The evaluation of fiber counts for MMF is now generally conducted
    by two methods (1) NIOSH 7400 using B rules and (2) the World
    Health Organization (WHO) MMMF reference method. The two
    methods are identical and, therefore, will provide equivalent counts.
    True or False?

True
False
6. The full-shift occupational exposure to MMF in the Ontario
    construction industry is generally well below the ACGIH® TLV-TWA
    of 1 fiber/cc and, therefore, should not prevent a significant hazard,
    but the exposure to RCF could be a significant problem.
    True or False?
True
False

Laboratory Evaluation of a Potential Diesel Fuel Interference in the Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds on Dermal Samplers
Robert A. Weker, Robert F. Herrick, and Richard D. Rinehart

7. Additions of diesel fuel to standard PAC solutions had no effect on
    the slopes of the standard curves, but did interfere by increasing the
    area count. Changes in area counts were directly proportional to the
    amount of diesel fuel added. This suggests that the fluorescence
    detector was responding to the two components of the mixtures
    in an additive way only. True or False?

True
False
8. The findings of this investigation are consistent with the following
    general characteristic of chromatographic methods:
a. Chromatographic methods are well suited to the
          identification of specific analytes in complex
          mixtures.
b. Chromatographic methods tend to be insensitive to
          changes in methods of sample preparation.
c. Non-linearity in detector response to calibration
          standards is a sure sign of experimental error in
          standard preparation.
d. Retention time is the key parameter in resolving
          components of mixtures by chromatography.
Urinary Cadmium Levels in the U.S. Working Population, 1988-1994
Abdiaziz S. Yassin, MA, PhD and John F. Martonik, MS, CIH

9. The prevalence of elevated urinary cadmium levels >= 15 µg/L among
    U.S. workers age 18-64 years was estimated at 0.0028%.
    True or False?

True
False
10. The prevalence of urinary cadmium levels >= 5 µg/L for workers in
      the construction industry was five times higher than the prevalence
      among workers in the agricultural industry. True or False?
True
False
11. The agricultural industry was associated with high urinary cadmium
      levels as compared with the repair service industry.
      True or False?
True
False
12. Smokers had significantly higher urinary cadmium levels than
      nonsmokers. True or False?
True
False
A Field Evaluation of the Predictive Value of a Handheld Drum Pressure Detection Device
Michael A. Pannell, Michael T. Brandt, and Daniel T. Boatright

13. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, what
      percentage of hazardous waste drums contains elevated
      internal pressure during the summer months?

a. 90%
b. 20%
c. 45%
d. 75%
14. The most common causative factors for elevated waste drum
      pressures among Department of Energy treatment, storage,
      and disposal facilities are radiolytical reactions and bacterial
      denitrification. True or False?
True
False

Answers to the May 2004 "The Action Level!®" Questions
will be available online (www.acgih.org/Products/JOEH/)
on June 1, 2004.

 
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