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Continuing Education — "The Action Level!®"

VOLUME 1(6), June 2004
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

Answer the questions below and click "Submit".

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CASE STUDIES:

Historical Estimation of Exposure to 1,3-Butadiene, Styrene, and Dimethyldithiocarbamate Among Synthetic Rubber Workers
Maurizio Macaluso, Rodney Larson, Jeremiah Lynch, Sydney Lipton, and Elizabeth Delzell

1. The following statement accurately describes the exposure
    assessment methodology employed by the authors:

The authors used expert opinion and carried out statistical analyses of available industrial hygiene measurements to develop estimates of the average levels of exposure to 1,3 Butadiene, Styrene and Dimethyldithiocarbamate in specific jobs at each workplace, then linked exposure estimates and personnel records to determine the level of exposure of each worker.
True
False

2. Which of the following statements most accurately describes
    the results and their implications:

a. The observation that 1,3 Butadiene cumulative
          exposure levels were considerably higher among
          leukemia decedents than among all employees
          provides conclusive evidence that 1,3 Butadiene
          causes leukemia in humans.
b. Because cumulative exposure to 1,3 Butadiene,
          Styrene and Dimethyldithiocarbamate are all
          considerably higher among leukemia decedents
          than among other groups of workers, and because
          they are strongly correlated with each other,
          it is impossible to tell which exposure caused
          leukemia.
c. The observation that 1,3 Butadiene cumulative
          exposure levels were considerably higher among
          leukemia decedents than among all decedents
          provides conclusive evidence that 1,3 Butadiene
          causes leukemia in humans.
d. Because cumulative exposure to 1,3 Butadiene,
          Styrene and Dimethyldithiocarbamate are
          all considerably higher among leukemia
          decedents than among other groups of workers,
          only statistical analyses that simultaneously take
          the three exposures into account can tell which
          exposure is truly associated with leukemia.
          However, because the exposure indices are
          strongly correlated with each other, it may be
          difficult to clearly disentangle the effects of the
          three chemicals.

Comparison of Ergonomist, Supervisor, and Worker Assessments of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Risk Factors
Lori L. Winnemuller, Peregrin O. Spielholz, William E. Daniell, and Joel D. Kaufman

3. In their overall accuracy in identifying risk as present or absent in
    their jobs, workers were more accurate than their supervisors.
    True or False?

True
False

4. Every supervisor believed there was at least one of the defined risk
    factors present in the jobs they rated. True or False?

True
False

Effectiveness of Personal Protective Equipment: Relevance of Dermal and Respiratory Exposure to Chlorpyrifos Among Pest Control Operators
Katinka van der Jagt, Erik Tielemans, Ingrid Links, Joop van Hemmen, and Dick Brouwer

5. The urine samples collected in a period of 8 hours an optimal
    biological indicator of chlorpyrifos exposure. True or False?

True
False
6. All observed inhalation exposure levels of chlorpyrifos were equal
    to or below the current administrative occupational exposure limit
    in the Netherlands. True or False?
True
False

Evaluation of a Sampling Method for the Measurement of Occupational Exposures to Ethylene
John L. Martin and Daniel J. Caldwell

7. Field measurements of ethylene taken at 14 industrial facilities
    within the United States showed a mean 8-hour TWA that
    was approximately:

a. one-half of the proposed TLV®
b. twice the proposed TLV®
c. ten times the proposed TLV®
d. one-tenth of the proposed TLV®
8. The optimal sampling flow rate and temperature for the collection of
    ethylene on Carbosieve S-III thermal desorption tubes under
    conditions of high humidity (90% RH) were found to be:
a. 2 mL/min and 25°C
b. 10 mL/min and 25°C
c. 20 mL/min and 25°C
d. 10 mL/min and 35°C
Growth of Fungi on Fiberglass Insulation Building Materials — A Review of the Literature
Bruce J. Kelman, Jason M. Van Loo, Coreen A. Robbins, and Lonie J. Swenson

9. What are the possible food sources for mold growing on fiberglass
    insulation?

a. Glass fibers
b. Binders and surface treatments
c. Surface dust
d. a and b
e. b and c
10. Which factors play an important role in mold colonization of
      fiberglass?
a. Moisture
b. Nutrients
c. Temperature
d. Sunlight
e. a, b, and c
f. a, b, c, and d

Answers to the June 2004 "The Action Level!®" Questions
will be available online (www.acgih.org/Products/JOEH/)
on June 28, 2004.

 
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