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Continuing Education — "The Action Level!®"

VOLUME 5(7), July 2008
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

Answer the questions below and click "Submit".

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CASE STUDIES:

Past Occupational Exposure to Airborne Manganese in a Manganese Alloy Plant
Mary Baldwin, Maryse Bouchard, Fabrice Larribe and Donna Mergler

1. Several full-shift industrial hygiene surveys with personal
    sampling for both total dust and manganese content were
    used to develop relationships between total dust and
    manganese content in the dust for job groups; these
    relationships were then applied to historical short-term total
    dust measures for the job groups. True or False?

True
False
2. The composition of the product, whether of ferro- or
    silico-manganese origin, proved to be a significant factor in
    assessing variability existing in historical short-term total
    dust data. True or False?
True
False
Sampling and Analytical Method Development and Hand Wipe Measurements of Dermal Exposures to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Mark Boeniger, Charles Neumeister and Angela Booth-Jones

3. The method described in this article focuses on quantifying
    pyrene as an indicator because:

a. pyrene is a PAH known to cause cancer.
b. pyrene is prevalent in most PAH mixtures.
c. previous authors have selected pyrene
          as the main analyte.
d. All of the above are correct.
e. b and c are correct.
f. a and b are correct.
4. A general limitation of skin wipe sampling methods is that of:
a. not knowing how much of the analyte on the
          surface is recovered by the sampling method.
b. not knowing how much of the analyte has been
          already absorbed into the skin and is
          unrecoverable.
c. high sampling imprecision.
d. estimating health risks due to unknown
          bioavailability.
e. All of the above are correct.
Workplace Performance of a Hood-Style Supplied Air Respirator
Larry Janssen, Jeanne Bidwell, Karen Cuta and Thomas Nelson

5. Program protection factors (PPFs) differ from workplace
    protection factors (WPFs) in that the latter are derived from
    workplace measurements in which the respiratory protection
    program:

a. has fewer than three deficiencies.
b. has only minor deficiencies.
c. has complete records on file.
d. has no deficiencies.
6. When Ci samples are below the detection limit, minimum
    PPF estimates __________ as Co increases:
a. increase
b. decrease
c. do not change
Physical and Chemical Characterization of Airborne Particles from Welding Operations in Automotive Plants
Jean Dasch and James D'Arcy

7. Most of the mass of welding particle emissions are in the
    ultrafine size range, i.e., < 100 nm. True or False?

True
False
8. High levels of zinc were observed only in the welding aerosol
    derived from steel parts because:
a. zinc electrodes are used for resistance
          welding of steel.
b. zinc coating on steel evaporates at
          temperatures lower than the melting point of steel.
c. zinc filler metal is used with MIG welding of
          steel to prevent corrosion of the weld.
d. zinc based flux is necessary to weld
          automotive steel components.
Beryllium Surface Levels in a Military Ammunition Plant
Wayne T. Sanderson, Stephanie Leonard, Darrin Ott, Laurence Fuortes and William Field

9. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) established criteria
    for concentrations of beryllium on work surfaces in its
    Chronic Beryllium Disease Prevention standard.
    These criteria:

a. are based upon health data showing clearly
          that chronic beryllium disease is associated with
          high beryllium concentrations on work surfaces.
b. were adopted by OSHA for compliance in
          non-DOE workplaces.
c. are housekeeping standards to evaluate cleaning
          effectiveness.
d. are easily achieved and never exceeded in
          non-DOE facilities.
10. Sensitization to beryllium:
a. is detectable using the beryllium lymphocyte
          transformation test (BeLPT).
b. occurs through inhalation of beryllium particles
          and may occur through absorption of beryllium
          particles through the skin.
c. may progress to chronic beryllium disease.
d. All of the above.
Analysis of the Analytical Performance of Laboratories Participating in Two Major U.S. Bulk Asbestos Proficiency Testing Programs
Bruce W. Harvey and Wayne G. Winstead

11. There is a strong correlation between high incidence of
      false negative errors and: (i) materials containing low
      asbestos percentages; (ii) certain nonfriable materials;
      and (iii) materials containing short fiber asbestos.

a. (ii) only
b.(i) and (iii) only
c. (i) and (ii) only
d. (i), (ii), and (iii)
12. The NIST and AIHA bulk asbestos proficiency testing
      programs have, for their participants, reduced the frequencies
      of both qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis errors.
      True or False?
True
False
Presence of Airborne Fibers in Tungsten Refining and Manufacturing Processes: Preliminary Characterization
John L. McKernan, Mark A. Toraason and Joseph E. Fernback

13. Tungsten oxide particles can exist in a number of physical
      forms, including that of a fiber. True or False?

True
False
14. The aerodynamic diameter of a fiber is a key parameter for
      characterizing physiological deposition in the respiratory tract.
      True or False?
True
False


Deadline for answers is July 31, 2008.

Answers will be available online at
http://www.acgih.org/products/joeh/alanswers.htm
on August 11, 2008.

 
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