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Continuing Education — "The Action Level!®"

VOLUME 8(3), March 2011
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene


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CASE STUDIES:

Airborne Endotoxin from Indoor and Outdoor Environments: Effect of Sample Dilution on the Kinetic Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) Assay
Robert S. Dungan

1. If a concentration appeared to decrease with
    increasing dilutions, the best explanation would involve
    the presence of:

a. Enhancing substances
b. Interfering substances
c. Neutral substances
d. No explanation could be offered
2. Which of the following locations or processes exhibited
    the highest endotoxin concentrations?
a. Dairy barn
b. Swine farrowing
c. General environment
d. Dairy processing
Airborne Nanoparticle Concentrations in the Manufacturing of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Apparel
Donna J.H. Vosburgh, Dane A. Boysen, Jacob J. Oleson and Thomas M. Peters

3. The particle number concentration in the facility was greater
    than applicable regulatory standards. True or False?

True
False
4. Canopy hoods:
a. are most effective when used with hot
          contaminants
b. can have limited capture zone despite high
          exhaust airflow
c. can experience diminished capture efficiency
          when objects are present below the hood
d. All of the above
Unknown Exposures: Gaps in Basic Characterization Addressed with Person-Portable Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Instrumentation
Philip A. Smith, Marc T.A. Roe, Charles Sadowski and Ed Lee

5. Following sampling by solid phase microextraction
    (SPME), and prior to gas chromatographic analysis:

a. only a small amount of solvent is needed
          for analyte desorption.
b. the amount of solvent needed for analyte
          desorption is comparable to traditional solvent
          desorption methods used for sorbent sampling
          tubes.
c. no solvent is needed for analyte desorption,
          as desorption occurs by heating the SPME
          fiber within the injector of the gas chromatograph.
d. a small amount of n-hexane is needed for analyte
          desorption from the SPME fiber to ensure proper
          operation of the gas chromatograph.
6. The small internal ionization mass spectrometer used
    in the study:
a. consistently produces mass spectra that are
          identical to those obtained from more traditional
          laboratory mass spectrometers where ions are
          transmitted between quadrupole rods or surfaces
b. produces mass spectra that may demonstrate
          ion/molecule interactions, especially when
          analytes introduced into the instrument contain
          functional groups that allow ions to be produced
          that will react with the non-ionized precursor
          molecules
c. is similar to a transmission quadrupole mass
          spectrometer that employs electron ionization,
          in that it also does not provide confirmation of
          analyte mass in cases where a molecular
          ion is unstable
d. uses a nonevaporative getter pump to maintain
          the high vacuum necessary to perform mass
          spectrometric detection
Field Comparison of Air Sampling Methods for Monomeric and Polymeric 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate
Jennifer M. Thomasen, Kenneth W. Fent, Carolyn Reeb-Whitaker, Stephen G. Whittaker and Leena A. Nylander-French

7. Speciation of diisocyanates appears important owing to:

a. Influence of clearcoat drying-time
b. Influence of clearcoat composition
c. Influence of clearcoat decomposition
d. An effect other than a-c above
8. This study would appear most applicable to exposures
    occurring during:
a. Pesticide manufacture
b. Polyurethane manufacture
c. Automotive parts fabrication
d. Automotive spray-painting
Comparison of Air Sampling Methods for Aerosolized Spores of B. Anthracis Sterne
Cheryl Fairfield Estill, Paul A. Baron, Jeremy K. Beard, Misty J. Hein, Lloyd D. Larsen, Gregory J. Deye, Laura Rose and Lisa Hodges

9. Which sampler type was NOT tested during the study?

a. PTFE
b. gelatin
c. liquid impinger
d. Andersen
10. What sampling rate was used to sample for b. anthracis
      when using PTFE or gelatin filters and low flow pumps?
a. 2.0 lpm
b. 28.3 lpm
c. 24.8 lpm
d. 4.0 lpm
Anxiety during Respirator Use: Comparison of Two Respirator Types
Samantha Wu, Philip Harber, David Yun, Siddharth Bansal, Yuan Li and Silverio Santiago

11. In the reported study, which respirator type induced greater
      anxiety – half facemask with dual cartridges (HFM) or N95
      filtering facepiece (N95)?

a. HFM
b. N95
c. No difference
d. Not studied
12. The two types of anxiety reported in the study were:
a. psychotic and neurotic
b. state and neurotic
c. state and trait
d. pathological and normal
Ongoing Use of Conventional Devices and Safety Device Activation Rates in Hospitals in Ontario, Canada
Bernadette Stringer and Ted Haines

13. Safety syringes are usually passive devices. True or False?

True
False
14. What proportion of safety phlebotomy and intravenous
      access devices should be activated?
a. close to 90%
b. to 95%
c. close to 100%
d. none of the above

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Deadline for answers is March 31, 2011.

Answers will be available online at
http://www.acgih.org/products/joeh/alanswers.htm
on April 8, 2011.

 
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