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Continuing Education — "The Action Level!®"

VOLUME 8(9), September 2011
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene



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CASE STUDIES:

Retrospective Occupational Exposure Assessment for Case-Control and Case-Series Epidemiology Studies Based in Shanghai China
Thomas W. Armstrong, Youxin Liang, Yimei Hetherington, Stephen M. Bowes, III, Otto Wong, Hua Fu, Min Chen and A. Robert Schnatter

1. In a categorical exposure assessment design (no, low,
    moderate, high exposure) for a substance with low exposure
    prevalence in the study population (such as 5% or less of the
    people in the study), a suggested way to reduce exposure
    misclassification is to assign work histories that are
    uninformative about the exposure potential to the no
    exposure group. True or False?

True
False
2. The vast majority of the 50,000 plus benzene exposure
    measurement data in a Shanghai Municipal Institute for
    Public Health Supervision are short term (such as one minute)
    area concentration measurements that include a description
    of the sample location in a factory, but are difficult to relate
    to task exposures and long-term occupational exposures.
    True or False?
True
False
Assessment of Noise Exposure during Commuting in the Madrid Subway
M. Tabacchi, I. Pavón, M. Ausejo and C. Asensio

3. It is important to consider the commuting noise exposure
    to have a proper evaluation of non-occupational noise exposure
    because __________________________.

a. it is easy to measure.
b. it concerns all the workers.
c. it is one of the primary noise contributors.
4. After analyzing the prediction model, which combination of
    noise components gives the higher noise exposure in the
    Madrid subway system? (Tp: type of train; SN: squealing
    noise; PA: public-address audio-system)
a. Tp: 7; SN: 0; PA: 1
b. Tp: 3; SN: 1; PA: 1
c. Tp: 6; SN: 1; PA: 0
Performance of Two Different Limulus Amebocyte Lysate Assays for the Quantitation of Fungal Glucan
Hafsa Cherid, Mark Foto and J. David Miller

5. Whether the Glucatell™ or Modified LAL method is used for
    quantitation of glucans in an environmental sample, the
    calculated amount of glucans present will be the same
    regardless of the source glucan used to calibrate. This is due
    to the fact that measurements are based on the response of
    any glucan that will react to the glucan (dectin) receptor. True
    or False?

True
False
6. Using the Modified LAL method, place the various
    polysaccharides in order of their responses compared
    to a 100 ng Curdlan reference standard (least responsive
    to most responsive).
a. Pullulan, barley glucan, dextran, mannan,
          pustulan, paramylon, laminarin and yeast glucan
b. Yeast glucan, laminarin, paramylon, barley
          glucan, pustulan, mannan, dextran, pullulan
c. Pullulan, mannan, dextran, pustulan, paramylon,
          laminarin, barley glucan, yeast glucan
d. Pullulan, dextran, mannan, pustulan, barley
          glucan, paramylon, laminarin, yeast glucan
Comparing Two-Zone Models of Dust Exposure
Rachel M. Jones, Catherine E. Simmons and Fred W. Boelter

7. The movement of the worker is a challenge to the use
    of the mechanistic two-zone model for estimating exposures
    during sanding. True or False?

True
False
8. The mechanistic model parameters {G, S} fitted by the two
    methods – using Ctwa in both zones or Ctwa from the near-field
    only – predicted similar mean respirable dust exposures at the
    field sites. True or False?
True
False
Excessive Exposure to Dust among Cleaners in the Ethiopian Cement Industry
Zeyede K. Zeleke, Bente E. Moen and Magne Brĺtveit

9. This study would seem to suggest that coarser particles
    dominate in these cement factories. True or False?

True
False
10. In this work it appears that the fraction of respirable to total
      dust was higher for cleaners as opposed to other production
      workers. True or False?
True
False
Survey of Dermal Protection in Washington State Collision Repair Industry
Diana M. Ceballos, Kenneth W. Fent, Stephen G. Whittaker, Linda G.T. Gaines, Jennifer M. Thomasen, Sheila L. Flack, Leena A. Nylander-French, Michael G. Yost and Carolyn K. Reeb-Whitaker

11. Which one of these factors was not listed by the authors
      as influencing painters' dermal protection choices?

a. smoking status
b. alcohol use
c. years spray painting
d. frequency of dermal protection use
12. The best means for future investigation regarding these
      painters' choices appears to be another field survey. True
      or False?
True
False
Review: Lead Exposure in Battery Manufacturing and Recycling in Developing Countries and Among Children in Nearby Communities
Perry Gottesfeld and Amod K. Pokhrel

13. The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration's
      permissible exposure limit for lead is 50 µg/m3. True
      or False?

True
False
14. What percent of global lead production goes into making
      lead batteries?
a. 50%
b. 25%
c. 12%
d. 80%

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Deadline for answers is September 30, 2011.

Answers will be available online at
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on October 10, 2011.

 
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